2016年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試翻譯「預(yù)測(cè)」
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試即將如期而至，在考前，小編特意為大家收集出一系列考前預(yù)測(cè)題，說(shuō)白啦，就是押題哦!希望能幫助到大家!
老齡化
中國(guó)正面臨著人口老齡化和低出生率這些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家擁有的問(wèn)題。在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域這些問(wèn)題則顯得更加緊迫。創(chuàng)業(yè)的一代人正在老去，但他們很難說(shuō)服自己的孩子來(lái)繼承遺產(chǎn)，繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)他們的企業(yè)。對(duì)家族企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，落實(shí)一個(gè)清晰有效的繼任計(jì)劃(succession plan)是一個(gè)令人頭痛的'問(wèn)題。雖然有很多原因可以解釋這種不情愿繼任的情況，但商業(yè)環(huán)境的惡化(deterioration)已被證明是主要因素之一。
China is facing the developed world's problems of an ageing population and low birth rate.These problems have taken on even more urgency in the business community.The founding generation is getting older but having great difficulty persuading their children to carry on their legacy and keep their business running.Putting in place a clear and effective succession plan is a headache for family-run businesses.While there are many reasons to explain such reluctance,the deterioration in the business environment has been proven to be one of the main factors.
金屬質(zhì)感
1.中國(guó)正面臨著人口老齡化和低出生率這些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家擁有的問(wèn)題:“面臨著”可用face表示,“面臨著…的問(wèn)題”可譯為facethe problem of;“人口老齡化既可譯為populationageing,也可譯為an ageing population。“發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家擁有的問(wèn)題”可用the developed world's problem of表示。
2.創(chuàng)業(yè)的`一代人正在老去，但他們很難說(shuō)服自己的孩子來(lái)繼承遺產(chǎn),繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)他們的企業(yè):“老去”即“變老”，可譯getolder。“難以做某事”可用固定表達(dá)方式have difficulty (in) doing sth來(lái)表示，“很難說(shuō)服自己的孩子”，可譯為have great difficulty persuading their children。“繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)他們的企業(yè)也就是使他們的企業(yè)可以繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)下去”，故可譯keep their business running。
3.對(duì)家族業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，落實(shí)一個(gè)清晰有效的繼任計(jì)劃是一個(gè)令人頭痛的問(wèn)題:“家族企業(yè)”可譯為family-runbusiness,“國(guó)有企業(yè)”則為state-run business。
性別歧視
在中國(guó)，就業(yè)方面的不平等現(xiàn)象仍然是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。性別歧視的根本原因是,“男尊女卑(female inferiority)”的錯(cuò)誤觀念在許多人心目中仍根深蒂固。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，應(yīng)該逐漸形成一種新的性別文化，以增加兩性間的和諧，政府也應(yīng)該探索可以提升女性就業(yè)前景的市場(chǎng)機(jī)制。這是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期而艱巨的任務(wù)，需要所有政府部門的投人和協(xié)作。在家庭暴力(domestic violence)的問(wèn)題上，完善法律體制將是解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的最好的辦法。
Inequality in employment is still a serious issue inChina.The fundamental cause of genderdiscrimination is the incorrect idea of femaleinferiority that is still ingrained in many people'sminds.In solving this problem,a new gender cultureshould be cultivated to increase harmony betweenthe two sexes and the government should explore market mechanisms that can promotewomen's job prospects.It is a long and arduous task that requires input and coordinationfrom all government agencies.On the issue of domestic violence,improving the legal systemwould be the best way to deal with it.
1.在中國(guó)，就業(yè)方面的不平等現(xiàn)象仍然是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題:“就業(yè)方面的不平等”可譯為inequality in employment,其中inequality(不平等)由equal (平等的)派生而來(lái)。英語(yǔ)中派生詞很多，考生在平時(shí)要多加積累。
2.性別歧視的根本原因是，“男尊女卑”的錯(cuò)誤觀念在許多人心目中仍根深蒂固:“根本原因”可譯為fundamentalcause或fundamental reason。“男尊女卑”已經(jīng)給出英文female inferiority,該詞組直譯為“女性社會(huì)地位較低”，引申為“男尊女卑”。“在許多人心目中仍根深蒂固”可譯為be still ingrained in many people's minds，也可譯為be still deeply rooted in many people'sminds。
3.這是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期而艱巨的'任務(wù)，需要所有政府部門的投入和協(xié)作:“長(zhǎng)期而艱巨的任務(wù)”可譯為a long andarduous task。“需要所有政府部門的投入和協(xié)作”可譯為that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其謂語(yǔ)為require,“投入和協(xié)作”可用input and coordination表示，而output則意為產(chǎn)出。
剩女
What?
“剩女(leftover women)”這個(gè)詞被用來(lái)指那些在二十八九歲，甚至更大年齡仍未結(jié)婚的女性。有些人認(rèn)為“剩女”是需要認(rèn)真對(duì)待的社會(huì)力量,而另一些人則主張這個(gè)詞應(yīng)被視為褒義詞，意思是“成功女性”。據(jù)2010年的中國(guó)婚姻調(diào)查 (Chinese National Marriage Survey)報(bào)道，90%的'男人認(rèn)為女人應(yīng)該在27歲之前結(jié)婚。在中國(guó)，大部分“剩女”都是受過(guò)良好教育的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)。跟以前幾代人相比，如今的女性更加自由，更能夠獨(dú)立生活。
“Leftover women”is a term that refers to women whoremain unmarried in their late twenties andbeyond.Some people regard leftover women as asocial force to be reckoned with”,while others haveargued that the term should be taken as a positiveterm to mean“successful women”.In a 2010 Chinese National Marriage Survey,it was reportedthat 9 out of 10 men believe that women should be married before they are 27 years old.InChina leftover women are mostly well-educated middle class.Women today are more free andable to live independently in comparison to previous generations.
1.有些人認(rèn)為“剩女”是需要認(rèn)真對(duì)待的社會(huì)力量，而另一些人則主張這個(gè)詞應(yīng)被視為褒義詞，意思是“成功女性”:“認(rèn)為…是”有多種譯法，可譯為regard…as,consider…as等，而句中的“被視為”同樣也有多種表達(dá)方式，如be seen as,be taken as或be regardedas等等，使用時(shí)注意掌握。“需要認(rèn)真對(duì)待的社會(huì)力量”即asocial force to be reckoned with,其中reckon with意為“認(rèn)真對(duì)待，需要解決”。“褒義詞”可以譯為a positive term。
2.據(jù)2010年的中國(guó)婚姻調(diào)查報(bào)道，90%的男人認(rèn)為女人應(yīng)該在27歲之前結(jié)婚:“據(jù)…報(bào)道”可譯為it isreported that...,本句型為英語(yǔ)中的常用句型，其中的reported可替換為不同的詞表達(dá)不同的意思，如it issaid that意為“據(jù)說(shuō)”等。
3.跟以前幾代人相比，如今的女性更加自由，更能夠獨(dú)立生活:“跟…相比”可譯為in comparison to,也可譯為compared to。
蘇州文化
蘇州是一個(gè)具有悠久絲綢文化歷史的城市。它有栽桑、養(yǎng)蠶、繅絲和織造的傳統(tǒng)。蘇州的絲綢是皇家貢品，早在唐宋時(shí)期就在世界范圍內(nèi)享有盛名。蘇州市有自然優(yōu)勢(shì)，日照充足，雨量充沛，土壤肥沃，這些給蠶繭的'高產(chǎn)和絲的高質(zhì)量提供了合適的環(huán)境。它一直是中國(guó)絲綢原料的主要產(chǎn)地和集散中心。
Suzhou is a city with a long history of silk culture. It has a tradition of mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and weaving. Suzhou’s silk was an imperial tribute and gained a worldwide reputation from as early as the Tang and Song dynasties. Suzhou city also abounds in natural gifts, abundant sunshine, plentiful rainfall and rich soils, which offer a pleasant environment for high yield of cocoons and high qualities of silk. It has been the main producing area and distributing center of raw silk materials in China.
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