中國象棋英語四級翻譯練習
中國象棋屬于二人對抗戰略性棋盤游戲，是最受歡迎的棋盤游戲之一。在中國古代，象棋被列為士大夫們的修身之藝，現在則被視為一種益智的活動。象棋由兩人輪流走子，以“將死”對方的將(帥)為勝。象棋棋盤共有64格，中間的'“河界”將之分為兩個“敵對”的部分。每人各有棋子16枚，包括1枚將、 2枚馬、2枚車(chariot)、2枚象(相)、2枚士、2枚炮和5枚丟(pawn )。 一般而言，執紅色棋子的一方先走子。
參考翻譯:
Chinese Chess
Chinese chess, known as Xiangqi, is a strategyboard game for two players. It is one of the mostpopular board games. In ancient China, Chinesechess used to be listed as a way for scholar-officialsto cultivate their moral characters, while now it's regarded as a kind of activities to developintelligence. The two players move by turn in the game with the objective of checkmatingthe opponent's general or king. The board itself has 64 squares and has a “river” in the middlethat divides the board into two opposing parts. Each player has 16 pieces, including 1 general(king), 2 horses, 2 chariots, 2 elephants (bishops), 2 guards, 2 cannons and 5 pawns. Generallyspeaking, the player with the red pieces moves first.
1.戰略型棋盤游戲:可采取直譯法，將三個名詞并列翻譯，即strategy board game。
2.士大夫:指封建社會中的官僚階層，也指還沒做官的讀書人，所以可譯為 scholar-bureaucrat 或者 scholar-officials。
3.修身之藝:修身指提高自己的道德修養，可譯為cultivateone's moral character;按照文字語境，“藝”在這里指“方式”，可譯為way。
4.象棋由兩人輪流走子:如果采用直譯法，得需要采用被動語態，譯為 Chinese chess is alternately playedby two players.但后面的句子“以將死對方的將(帥)為勝”則需翻譯為Its objective is...故不如采用主動語態，將兩句話翻譯為帶with的復合結構。
5.以“將死”對方的將(帥)為勝:“將死”可譯為checkmate，不要望文生義翻譯為kill。
英語四級翻譯練習：中醫
中醫(Traditional Chinese Medicine )有五千多年的歷史，是中國古代勞動人民幾千年來對抗疾病的經驗總結。中醫將人體看成是氣、形、神的統一體，以“望、聞(auscultationand olfaction)、問、切”為其獨特的診斷過程。 中醫使用中藥、針灸(acupuncture)以及許多其他治療手段，使人體達到陰陽調和。陰陽和五行是中醫的理論基礎。五行是自然界中的五種基本物質，即金、木、水、火、土。
參考翻譯:
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a longhistory of more than 5,000 years. It is a summaryof the experience of the working people over manycenturies of struggle against diseases. TCM considershuman body as a unity of QI, XING and SHEN. The diagnostic process of TCM distinguishesitself by “observation，auscultation and olfaction, inquiry and pulse diagnosis”. TCM usestraditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and many other treatment means to make humanbody be harmony between YIN and YANG. The concepts of YIN-YANG and WU XING laid atheoretical foundation for TCM. WU XING refers to five basic substances in the nature, thatis, metal, wood, water, fire, and earth.
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