非謂語動詞語法：動名詞的用法
在英語的學習生活當中，我們會接觸到動名詞，那么你知道它怎么用呢？下面是小編整理的非謂語動詞語法：動名詞的用法，希望對大家有所幫助。
非謂語動詞語法：動名詞的用法 1
doing → being done
having done → having been done
動名詞的基本用法：
(1)主語：
Saving is easier than doing.
His coming here will be a great help.
It is no use waiting here, he has left.
There is no getting along with him.(簡直無法和他相處)
(2)表語：
His job is keeping the hall clean as possible.
Seeing is believing.
(3)賓語：
a. 動詞賓語：
He admitted taking the book.
I do mind your smoking here.
重磅要點：下列動詞須跟動名詞作賓語：
admit, appreciate, avoid, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...
特注：以allow為例：allow + doing sth(動名詞作賓語)。但可以：Allow sb to do sth(不定式作賓補)。
這類動詞常見如 advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.
b. 作介詞賓語：
He left without saying goodbye to us.
I'm looking forward to meeting you.(to 在這里是介詞)
(4)定語：
reading room swimming pool walking stick
動名詞時態：
I am thinking of setting a new dictionary.(以后)
He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.(以前)
動名詞語態：
He doesn't like being flattered.
I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team.
動名詞復合結構：
由名詞所有格或物主代詞與動名詞構成。
His leaving is a great loss.
Mother dislikes my (me) working late.
John's having seen her did not make her worried.
注：動名詞復合結構多作主語或賓語，作主語是必須是所有格。如上二例，但作賓語時可以用所有格，也可用普通格。
動名詞與不定式在用法上的幾點比較：
(1)在 begin，start，continue 等詞后用動名詞或不定式區別不大。
He began writing / to write in 1980.
(2)下列動詞跟不定式或動名詞所表示意義差別很大，注意使用。
He stopped talking. 停止講話。
He stopped to talk. 停下來開始講話。
Please remember to post the letter. 記住寄走這封信。
I remember posting the letter. 我記得寄出了這封信。
I forgot to lock the door yesterday. 昨天我忘記鎖門了。(未鎖)
I forgot telling him the news. 我忘了我曾告訴過他這個消息。(做過的事情忘記了)
非謂語動詞語法：動名詞的用法 2
動名詞
1）動名詞與不定式的區別：
動名詞表達的是： 狀態，性質，心境，抽象，經常性，已發生的
不定式表達的是： 目的，結果，原因，具體，一次性，將發生的
2）有些動詞如continue接不定式或動名詞作賓語，意義基本相同。
3）有些動詞如continue接不定式或動名詞作賓語，意義大相徑庭。
特殊詞精講
1. stop doing/to do
stop to do 停止，中斷做某事后去做另一件事，stop doing 停止做某事。例如：
They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他們停下來，抽了根煙。
I must stop smoking. 我必須戒煙了。
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
答案：C。由題意可知，她到了山頂，停下來在一個路邊的大石頭上休息。因此，應選擇"stop to do sth. 停下來去做另一件事"。而不僅僅是爬山動作的終止，所以stop doing sth.不正確。
2. forget doing/to do
forget to do 忘記要去做某事，forget doing 忘記做過某事。例如：
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 辦公室的燈還在亮著，他忘記關了。（沒有做關燈的動作）
He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經關了燈了。（已做過關燈的動作）
---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關燈的動作沒有發生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示燈已經關上了，而忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。
3. remember doing/to do
remember to do 記得去做某事，remember doing 記得做過某事。
例如：
Remember to go to the post office after school. 記著放學后去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
4. regret doing/to do
regret to do 對將要做的`事遺憾，
regret doing 對做過的事遺憾、后悔。例如：
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遺憾必須這樣去做，我實在沒有辦法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought. 我不為告訴她我的想法而后悔。
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. to be doing
C. to have done D. having done
答案：D。regret having done sth. 對已發生的事感到遺憾。regret to do sth. 對將要做的事感到遺憾。本題為對已說的話感到后悔，因此選D。
5. cease doing/to do
cease to do 長時間，甚至永遠停做某事，
cease doing 短時停止做某事，以后還會接著做。例如：
That department has ceased to exist forever. 那個系已不復存在。
The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.
姑娘們在老師走過時，停了會聊天。
6. try doing/to do
try to do 努力，企圖做某事，try doing 試驗，試著做某事。例如：
You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我試著種果木花卉，但未成功。
7. go on doing/to do
go on to do 做了一件事后，接著做另一件事，
go on doing 繼續做原來做的事。例如：
After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. 做完數學后，他接著去做物理。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完這個練習后，接著做其他的練習
8. be afraid doing/to do
be afraid to do 不敢，膽怯去做某事，是主觀上的原因不去做，意為"怕"，
be afraid of doing 擔心出現doing的狀況、結果。doing 是客觀上造成的，意為"生怕，恐怕"。例如：
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬著，不敢在草叢中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
9. be interested doing/to do
be interested to do 對做某事感興趣，想了解某事，
be interested in doing 對某種想法感興趣，doing 通常為想法。
I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道發生了什么事。（想了解）
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?
我對在瑞士工作感興趣。你想過這事嗎? （一種想法
10. mean to doing/to do
mean to do 打算、想，
mean doing 意味著。例如：
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去，但是我父親不肯讓我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 增加工資意味著增加購買力。
11. begin（start） doing/to do
1） 談及一項長期活動或開始一種習慣時，使用doing。例如：
How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你幾歲時開始彈鋼琴？
2） begin, start用進行時時，后面動詞用不定式to do。例如：
I was beginning to get angry。我開始生起氣來。
3） 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize這類動詞時，常用不定式to do。例如：
I begin to understand the truth。我開始明白真相。
4） 事物作主語時。例如：
The snow began to melt.雪開始融化了
12. 感官動詞 + doing/to do
感官動詞 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do
表示動作的完整性，+doing 表示動作的進行性。例如：
I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。（強調"我看見了"這個事實）
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（強調"我見他正干活"這個動作）昨天我見他正在花園里干活。
典型例題
1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow B. grew
C. was growing D. to grow
答案：A。因題意為，他們看著她長大，因此強調的是成長的過程，而非正在長的動作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。
2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
答案A. 本題強調其動作，正在河邊玩，應此用see sb. doing sth句型。
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